Assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Task - Research Paper Example These individuals endeavor to acquire power upon the work arrangement and are best propelled by jobs that expect them to execute their administration abilities. The third need recognized by McClelland is the requirement for association. Individuals who have this as the most significant need are called as the n-aff individuals. These individuals look to make companions in the working environment. The more they mingle, the more they are spurred for work. Placing these individuals in jobs where they feel secluded causes them to lose inspiration for work. In spite of the fact that the conduct of laborers is a blend of every one of these requirements, yet one of the three administers an individual’s conduct. This hypothesis raises various new difficulties for the chiefs. Above all else, directors don’t have a target intends to affirm whether the three needs distinguished by the McClelland’s hypothesis are adequate to speak to all needs. A few people esteem employer st ability and pay more than force, alliance or accomplishment. Regardless of whether chiefs accept that the McClelland’s hypothesis is adequate to speak to all needs, they don’t have a vigorous way to distinguish the manner in which they are joined in various laborers. So as to keep them spurred, chiefs should be certain that a specific specialist esteems certain need more than others. At that point, there is no way to be certain that an individual’s need-mix would not modify with time. All things considered, people’s inclinations in life continue changing every now and then. A person who esteems power more than everything else at one point in time may begin to esteem accomplishment all the more later on. Our preferences and inclinations are molded by our every day educational encounters. Henceforth, there is a great deal of adaptability in out selection of necessities. Every one of these variables render it exceptionally hard for a supervisor to address th e individualistic needs of individuals and cause them to stay inspired for work. In this exploration, I will in general carry answers to the previously mentioned questions by investigating people’s needs in a specific work

Sexuality in Mainstream Hindi Cinema Films as medi Essays - Culture

Sexuality in Mainstream Hindi Cinema Films as mode of Mass Communication Film correspondence might be considered as a social procedure whereby a transmitted sign is gotten basically through visual receptors (and, regularly, stable receptors) and is then treated as a message from which substance or importance is deduced. Film, as an emblematic structure, is a procedure of correspondence that utilizes film, the medium, with its innovation of optics, emulsions, and cameras, to create a bit of celluloid with a variable-thickness silver nitrate surface. It is man who makes film correspondence. This definition recommends that a bit of film, all by itself, is unimportant that importance exists just in an extraordinary social and psychological connection between a movie producer and a watcher. This relationship happens when a watcher decides to treat a film not as insignificant signs activating perceptual mindfulness and natural reactions, yet as message units that have been assembled delibe rately and from which significance might be induced. Film is maybe the standard of all works of art, generally well known and generally open, particularly in India, a nation which delivers generally number of movies in a year contrasted with some other nation (excepting Hollywood, maybe), and a nation where we have a huge base of film opening up to the world. Film, more than some other workmanship, has the ability to impact individuals. In this manner, it is critical to see how the nation, its kin and its goals are spoken to in the film delivered in the nation. Film as a mechanism of mass correspondence can be seen at various levels, filling various needs. It very well may be an artistic expression, an amusement, a social report or a social study. Film can be these and simultaneously be a way to something different - a mirror unto our lives, demonstrating us precisely how we work as society. Standard Vs Alternative Cinema Mainstream movies can best be characterized as business films that are made by significant amusement studios or organizations that are possessed by worldwide media combinations. As a result of better financing, these movies can bear the cost of progressively costly on-screen characters, wide discharges or constrained discharges, and are sold at mainstream retail locations. This has gotten known as the studio framework. Movies made by significant studios or organizations that are not claimed by a media combination however are disseminated by an organization possessed by a media aggregate are additionally viewed as standard and are frequently alluded to as standard free movies. As a standard medium (film needs cash to be delivered. In this manner, it must interest the standard crowd, who will pay in the cinematic world) film must, as a matter of first importance, bid to the standard crowd. The meaning of standard differs from society to society, from culture to culture. Extensively, it implies speaking to the common perspectives, qualities, and practices of a general public or gathering, for instance, standard ethical quality. A social develop, when applied to workmanship, standard may mean something that is accessible to the overall population, or something that has connections to corporate or business substances. Sexuality in Hindi standard movies alludes to the introduction in films of sexuality or sensuality and sex acts, including love scenes. Sensual scenes have been introduced in films since the quiet time of cinematography. Numerous entertainers and on-screen characters have uncovered at any rate portions of their bodies or dressed and carried on in manners considered explicitly provocative by contemporary norms sooner or later in their professions. A few movies containing intimate moments have been censured by strict gatherings or prohibited by Govt. or then again both. Sexuality in film has been introduced in numerous classifications of film; while in certain sorts sexuality is once in a while portrayed. Sex in movies can be recognized to an obscene film and furthermore from nakedness in film, bareness can be introduced in a sexualized setting, for instance bareness in naturalism would ordinarily be viewed as non-sexual. In India, media outlets is a significant piece of present day India and is expressive of Indian culture when all is said in done. Truly Indian movies have come up short on the straight to the point portrayal of sex; up to this point, in any event, kissing scenes were viewed as untouchable. Then again assault scenes or demonstrating rape were portrayed straightforwardly. At present some Indian states show delicate center sexual scenes and bareness in films, while

Poverty Essay Topics - How to Write Successful Essays on Important Topics, From Poverty

Poverty Essay Topics - How to Write Successful Essays on Important Topics, From PovertyThe fact that poor people can't write is an obstacle for many college students, but it doesn't have to be the case. As long as you know what your audience needs to see and learn, and how to give it to them, you're all set. Here are some excellent examples of poor people who wrote insightful essays on many topics, and they do not come from college students.Another excellent example is that of Lester Brown. He started out as a poor family, but rose above it. His essays are very well written, and when he's writing to make himself heard, his papers can be considered academic. They address many topics, and many topics relate to those topics in some way.Stephen Donaldson also rises above poverty, and he's done it throughout his life. His writings deal with health care, the environment, corporate America, and even politics. If you're able to get Donaldson to sit down and talk about his essays, you'll lear n that his thoughts are always refreshing and unique.For educational essay topics, we might mention Mary Kay Letourneau. She was raised poor, and her education was often considered inferior by her peers. However, she rose above that and wrote essays on subjects like the environment, economics, and even the Civil War, which is quite impressive.Of course, if you want to go to school as a poor person, you'll have to prove your poverty. You don't need to be in prison, but you'll need to demonstrate that you were poor enough to go to school. If you're trying to get into college, you should go to a community college or trade school. A poor person can get by with an entry-level job, and many other people can't, so there are many opportunities.One of the most common problems for a poor person, and many other types of people, is that they just aren't encouraged to try to communicate their ideas. College professors think that they will write like Dickens, or Shakespeare, or Melville, and that they should focus on the facts. However, if you're one of the most important minds in the country, you must stand out, and you must understand that you're in an educational setting. Your knowledge will outrank everyone else, and it will be helpful to your students.There are a lot of great resources for poor people. Some of them are on the Internet, but there are also lots of them in person. When you want to read about some of the best writers in the country, why not check out the archives at an institution like Harvard or Yale?The best places to go to get information on where to go to school's websites. These days, college students have more opportunities than ever before, and they will be learning from others who were poor and succeeded. Take advantage of that fact!

Glow in the Dark Mentos Tonic Water Fountain

United States Dependence On Foreign Energy Resources

United States Dependence on Foreign Energy Resources Introduction Everything you do requires energy. Even now to type this report also I require energy. So to do work energy we require energy. How this energy obtained? Water, Food, Shelter, and Clothing are few basic necessities of life. And to supply it to all the people of the country, we need transport .Obviously everything can’t be produced wherever you are. You need to buy it from wherever it is present or produced. Now transportation can be simply done you need some energy resources to do it .Where do we get this resources? There are 2 basic ways likely: 1. Produce your own resource. 2. Get it from somewhere who has it. We for the past decades United States has been the largest importer of energy resources throughout the world. We consume almost 7 billion barrels of fuel in various forms such as crude oil, petroleum, gasoline, biodiesel etc. And how much do we produce on own? Only 30%-40% of own consumption is produced by the United States and the rest is imported. In 2004 according to a report America’s imported as much as Japan, Germany, China and India combined. ïÆ' ¼ Dependency can be measured by evaluating the impacts it holds on four main constituents of the state: 1) Economy 2) Military 3) Foreign affairs 4) People But in case of oil or resources it revolves around all these spheres. Because of the dependence America has a huge disadvantage and has the potential to inflict greatShow MoreRelatedThe Long Term Effects Of Increasing Demand For Renewable Energy1690 Words   |  7 Pages Renewable Energy Wind, Water, Sun: Energy for the long run Prepared by Mashfik Shamir Midterm Proposal BUS 160W – An Introduction to Business Writing Queens College August 1, 2013 Professor Denise L. Miller Mashfik Shamir 8531 129 Street Richmond Hill, NY 11418 August 1, 2013 Prof. Denise Miller CUNY Queens College 65-30 Kissena Blvd. Flushing, NY 11367 Dear Prof. Miller: I am submitting this proposal to provide some information on the long term effects of increasing demand forRead MoreShale Gas Fracking As A Means Of Increasing Energy Security Essay724 Words   |  3 PagesShale to Energy: UK government investment in shale gas fracking as a means of increasing energy security Hypothesis: This project will support the view that UK government investment in shale gas fracking will decrease dependence on foreign energy imports. Research Aims: 1. To examine the role of the Middle East and Russia in the energy market and why in the last 5-10 years, the oil, coal and gas market has been deemed insecure. 2. To discuss the UK’s dependence on imports of foreign energy and whyRead MoreEssay on Unconditional Planetary Love1049 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopment of more programs that focus on the non reliance of foreign oil. With everything going on in the world these days, it would be to America’s benefit to reduce the dependence on oil, especially from terrorist countries. Wind power, hydropower and biomass energy are just a few suggestions that can make a very positive change in America and the entire planet. Wind power can be used to generate electricity. â€Å"Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. This mechanical powerRead MoreAddicted to Oil1208 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States uses nearly a quarter of the world’s oil. This would not be a problem if the U.S. had a large oil reserve but it only has 3% of the world’s reserves for 4% of the population (Pickens). This huge dependence on oil is costing us economically and also threatens our dreams. The United States needs to become more energy independent by using sources other than oil. Many alternative sources are available but renewable sources provide the brightest future. The United States’ increasingRead MoreThe Oil Spill Of 20101535 Words   |  7 Pagesthe act of turning to renewable energy sources. Burning fossil fuels also has a downside to the environment, polluting the air and water, and damaging the health of plants and animals. The BP Oil spill of 2010 is one example of how dangerous fossil fuels are when they are exposed to the environment. There is much controversy in the United States for renewable energy sources being funded, but the facts are on the rise. Having a cleaner and more efficient source of energy is important for both environmentalRead MoreGlobal Climate Change : Green Energy1107 Words   |  5 Pagesstem from combustion of fossil fuels derived from vehicles, factories and energy sources. A solution to combat global climate is to invest and use alternative energy sources known as green energy. Green energy is derived from rain, wind, sunlight and other natural sources. Green energy has less of a negative impact on the environment compared to fossil fuel energy. In my opinion, the United States should invest in green energy, because it would assist in tackling issues regarding global climate changeRead MoreUnited States Energy Crisis During 1970 Essay examples1271 Words   |  6 PagesThe energy crisis of the 1970’s caused authorities to search out other renewable sources of energy, which currently remain undeveloped and keep the U.S. today generally dependant on foreign fuel. According to Merriam Webster dictionary, a crisis is a â€Å"difficult or dangerous situation that needs serious attention.† The energy crisis of the 1970’s produced a backlash that affected much of the economy and spread fear and panic over the United States. Energy Crisis (1970’s) states that the crisis officiallyRead MoreAlternative Energy Resources and Human Dependence on Oil Essay1016 Words   |  5 PagesAlternative Energy Resources and Human Dependence on Oil Introduction The modern world is fuelled by oil (Youngquest, 1998). This reality has brought tremendous changes and developments that is continuously transforming the modern period, changing its lifestyles and economies in the last 200 years. However, these changes do not only paved for modernization and development, but it has also paved for the environmental crisis that the world is now facing (Bodley, 2008). Environmental crisis refersRead MoreOur Dangerous Dependence on Fossil Fuels Essay703 Words   |  3 Pagesfossil fuels? Renewable energies have the power to save our environment and change the world as we know it. Fossil fuels are not going to last forever. America has already started to implement renewable sources of energy, such as, wind mills, dams, solar power and nuclear power. Eventually we will need to utilize these resources in areas that are dependent on fossil fuels. Fossil fuels have been proven to be damaging to our environment, economy and has made the United States vulnerable to dangerousRead MoreThe World Is An Ever Changing Place1229 Words   |  5 Pagesperpetual motion requires a constant source of energy. This energy comes in the form of oil and petroleum products, products that invigorate both our cars and America’s foreign and domestic policy. Oil is king. It rules everyday life, national policy, and the fates, even the lives, of millions of people. Oil is power in the form of black liquid in a barrel. However, America does not, at the moment, have the ability to control this valuable resource in a way that would enable the freedom of policy

My Spiritual Life Essay - 1145 Words

There’s a lot that I have to be thankful to God for this month, just for all the ways he’s been speaking to me through messages, ministry and recent events. I think that my relationship with God has taken on a new, different dimension since the prayer retreats and talks at the end of last month. God seems even more real and the way that I can pray and relate with him now seems more â€Å"relational and personal.† In general I’ve been able to identity as spiritual thirst this nagging feeling that I’ve always had before, of insecurity or of being unsettled. Before, I didn’t really understand or know what to do about this feeling so I would seek distraction or escape – or reassurance in the image of togetherness or competence that I kept of†¦show more content†¦A couple of good talks I had this past month came about through a lot battling my desire to take an easier way out and through deliberately praying for strength to â€Å"discharge the duties of ministry.† It turns out that the guys are responding positively overall, so I’m glad, but I also have this feeling of regret that I ha dn’t built deeper, more spiritual, relationship with these guys sooner because I could have, and maybe they’d be in a better place today if I did. On the same note, Lawrence’s suicide was a sobering wake-up call for me to build ministry relationships with much more deliberate direction and urgency. He lived in the floor below me senior year, but I still barely knew him. The problem I had then and still have now is that my heart is tight and my schedule is not open to people – it’s that attitude that I need to just take care of my responsibilities and anything that doesn’t seem directly connected to me is not my business. It’s hypocritical of me to claim to be a Christ-follower and minister, yet still allow this attitude to dictate my life. When Ajith Fernando talked about that quote â€Å"Obedience does not depend on the temperature of the heart,† I realized that this needs to be a point that I internalize and preach to myself again and as I try to deal with the many manifestations of my pain-avoidance, particularly in relationships with people. The mere fact that I don’t feel likeShow MoreRelatedMy Life, Home Life And Spiritual Life850 Words   |  4 Pagesnegatively affect New Scott’s achievement in his work life, home life and spiritual life. Barriers are created by being hurt or let down in some way and then swearing to not have it happen again. These barriers end up hindering me in doing what I need to do to succeed and be a new person that does not have those restrictions holding me back. In my college years I had to be very fiscally due to the fact that I could not count on anyone to help me out with my expenses. I am not bitter about this fact, quiteRead MoreMy Spiritual Journey through Life Essay867 Words   |  4 Pagesessential to illustrate a stable boat in my river of spirituality drawing. I believe our spiritual journey leads most of us on an array of river paths. Some rivers have clear skies with rocks along the way; other streams supply jagged lightning. My grandmother used to say to me, â€Å"Isaiah, your life is going to flash before your eyes.† I was close to my grandmother throughout my childhood. At the age of eight my teacher instructed me to write a story about my favorite person, I remember the projectRead MoreMy Parents Played A Major Part Of My Spiritual Life Map859 Words   |  4 PagesMy parents played a major part in my spiritual life map. Throughout my child hood my parents have always been in church. My parents are Baptist and they have devoted their lives to raisin their children in a Christian home. My parents are both Ushers in the church and they raised their children to go to church. We had to go to church as well as participate on programs in church. My mother would tell us God is all they have and they could depend on him. They shared many stories about how GodRead MoreThe, And, By Ernest Holmes895 Words   |  4 Pagesfall on deaf ears — our own. Having ears, we hear not. Having eyes, we see not. And having our hands full, we give not. It is a shame, because we could give, have and enjoy more. DIMINISHED EXPECTATIONS Holmes relates the responsiveness of Life to the idea that Nature abhors a vacuum. In an infinite universe, there cannot be an empty void, a place where God is not. All space, all vessels, all containers must be filled with something. So, when something is drawn out of one place, more is drawnRead MoreEssay on A Wagner Matinee1675 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom everything that makes you happy in life, in order for another to be happy should not be required of love. Relationships should be built on mutual respect and consideration for one another. Although compromise in a relationship is a necessary component for its success, denying the core of who you are is not. Speaking from experience, in the end, there will be nothing but resentment and identity-conflict. â€Å"A Wagner Matinee† by Willa Cather relates to my life in many ways as it exposes the resultsRead MoreEssay about Staircase to Destiny1021 Words   |  5 Pagesthe art exhibit is endeavouring to reflect my beliefs , values and attitudes that I strongly represent as an individual. As my life progresses on, my beliefs, values and attitudes has been uniformly modified and evolved by interacting with my family and my religion, Buddhism. In conclusion, my exhibit provides a thorough insight into the influences in my life that I have shaped my attitudes, values and beliefs. I felt that utilising the white base of my exhibit would be the most appropriate wayRead MoreSpirituality Through A Basic Spiritual Assessment And The Impact On My Life And Care For Future Patients927 Words   |  4 Pagesand transcends all aspects of being. Therefore, spirituality has a profound impact on everyone’s lives whether they realize it or not. This paper will explore personal aspects of Valerie’s spirituality through a basic spiritual assessment and the impact it has on her personal life and care for future patients. Strength, peace, and security are important aspects of spirituality that can bring deeper understanding to personal sources of spirituality. For Valerie, spirituality is strongly linked withRead MoreMy Vision At The Pittsburgh Leadership Foundation2417 Words   |  10 PagesMy Mission/Great Purpose is to empower and help women and youth discover and pursue their passions and dreams through creative, hands-on training, education, and workshops that integrate Life Purpose Coaching techniques with expressive healing arts. My Vision is for Bloom Into Being, LLC, and the Re-stARTistry project to become a united Christian community across all ethnicities, denominations, and economic levels with every woman and child having the ability to discover and pursue his/her God-givenRead MoreMy Mission Statement : The Myers Briggs Type Indicator1450 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Awareness Paper My mission statement is to be a light and voice for Christ in a dark world. My core values, spiritual gifts, and my life experiences have all played an important role in forming my mission statement and who I am. My core values have given me an opportunity to make relationships with people because of God and my life growing up. Also, my spiritual gifts have given me another way to have a closer relationship with God. Lastly, my life experiences have changed the way I amRead MoreSpiritual Needs Assessment Essay892 Words   |  4 PagesAssignment Spiritual Needs Assessment †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Use the articles provided in the readings for this module. The Joint Commission provides some guidelines for creating spiritual assessment tools for evaluating the spiritual needs of patients. Using these resources and any other guidelines/examples you can find, make up your own tool for assessing the spiritual needs of patients. 1.The spiritual-needs assessment tool should include a minimum of five questions that can either be answered by the patient

How to Overcome Barriers in Communication free essay sample

3. 2+3. 3 Introduction The following report will discuss and resolve the possible barriers in effective communication. It will include different ways in which to overcome the threats that pursue an important discussion, debate or conversation. This report can be useful for people writing reports on effective communication in and around their business or company. Potential Barrier in communication (Cultural Differences) Cultural differences can cause many problems in an effective discussion, for example: If two people are trying to have a discussion and both speak different languages, it would be extremely difficult to communicate, in different cultures hand signs represent gestures that the British take politely. Religious issues can accelerate a normal discussion into a debate. Possible ways of overcoming potential barriers that cultural differences create There are some ways of resolving these, some of which are the following: learn their language, hire an interpreter, carry a translating dictionary, Instead of trying to communicate with hand signs and offend them, research some different signs that mean something polite and respectful, these are all ways that can solve the problems of effective communication in cultural differences. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Overcome Barriers in Communication or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Potential Barrier in communication (Distractions) Distractions are one of the most annoying potential barriers; sometimes they are inescapable or unpreventable. However, some of them can be avoided, for example: mobile phones, people arriving late, changing the subject, talking about a different topic, some of these are preventable though. Possible ways to overcome potential barriers that distractions create Some distractions are unpreventable, but are some are avoidable, for example: turn mobile phones off, arrive on time or come in quietly. Some of the distractions that are inescapable are as follows: road works outside, mobile phone, someone arriving late. Potential Barrier in communication (Incorrect spelling/grammar) Incorrect spelling is a potential barrier in communication because it can be misinterpreted as something else and an important message might not be passed on, this can happen in any written forms of communication, for example: email, snail- mail, memo, etc. Possible ways to overcome potential barriers that incorrect spelling/grammar creates There are a number of ways to overcome incorrect spelling/grammar; firstly the spellchecker is useful for simple spelling and grammar mistakes. Next, proofreading is important as this is more accurate than spellchecker because machines do not know what context is suitable; finally, a second opinion is the best option to overcome this barrier, getting a friend to check the work over ensures better work. Potential Barrier in communication (Terminology) Using the wrong terminology is very poor quality communication; it can lead to misunderstanding of an important issue, terminology that is too simple, example, thingy and stuff, is far too vaguer terminology to understand, if someone is having a technical discussion about something they need to use technical terminology. The wrong terminology can also result in loss of interest. Possible ways to overcome potential barriers that incorrect terminology creates There is no easy way to correct terminology; use same level of technical language, provide audience with information about the topic to make communication easier, example: handouts. Potential Barrier in communication (Loss of interest) Loss of interest is the cause of poor communication, meaning a boring issue is being discussed or incorrect terminology is being used. The subject might not be relevant to people in the audience, talking too quietly, talking in a monotone. Possible ways to overcome potential barriers that loss of interest causes There are numerous ways to overcome loss of interest, for example: talking in different tones relevant to the subject, interact with the audience, use interesting slideshows, video clips, and pictures. Loss of interest is only caused by: a boring subject, the wrong terminology, talking in monotone, these problems can easily be solved. Conclusion There are a lot of potential barriers in communication, all of which can be overcome with a discussion between a group of people, this is what we did, and we came up with different ways in which to overcome possible drawbacks in effective communication. I have expressed the potential barriers in effective communication and their methods of overcoming them. I have listed five different possible drawbacks, which are as follows: Cultural Difference, Distractions, Incorrect spelling/grammar, Terminology, Loss of interest. Some of the methods of overcoming them are easier than others. However, some may take time, for example: learning a new language.

Violence free essay sample

The Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison displays numerous amounts of description using fgurative language and patterns of creative writing. The fght scene, for example, uses an expressive usage of imagery along with an abundance of simile. The excerpt itself relies on the emotions and first person telling of the story. Within this emotion, internal conflict and character realizations are found both in the reader and main character. The fght scene does not only tap into Ellisons great use of igurative language, but also serves the purpose of enticing the reader, symbolizing the theme of the story, and defining the common theme. At the start of the story, the main character identifies himself using his childhood experience and internal conflict with the last words of his grandfather. Interesting enough, he remain unidentified the remainder of the excerpt; but instead focuses on one specific aspect of his life his grandfathers legacy. We will write a custom essay sample on Violence or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He makes sure to incorporate this and uses it as a hidden message and every now and the remind readers within ll the chaos, this is the real message to focus on. As seen, starting with this sentence, All of the town (pg 17), Ellison makes a dramatic shift of the setting and immediately fives into the main story of Sambos (the main character) struggles. As Ellison write the story thought the main characters eyes , we feel his emotion, hear the words of others, and experience his physical pain. The main character is very present within his thoughts, interaction with others and his with his body, therefore, it can be said he is very alive and purposeful. As his use of figurative language using descriptive images and constant comparisons of action to real world things, he creates this setting of chaos and cruelty. Also with the use of his extensive detail and imagery, Ellison successfully slows down the story plot creating suspense for the reader. Without his description of the areas surrounding, the impact of the violence would not be felt. As we hear Sambos thoughts throughout the story, we constantly are reminded of the speech he is so desperate to share. We are forced to think as readers how insane his man must be to go through all this turmoil and still be so concerned with the trivialness of words. It seems an impossible task, after recognizing the discrimination and ignorance of his audience, to have them really hear his message. Nonetheless, Sambo delivers a magnificent speech in which he is rewarded in the end; much like the many rewards that the black men were promised. In this reward there is only shame and although it symbolizes a passage into the social elite, he is only given this gift after risking his life in embarrassment. This common theme of Reluctance after embarrassment can also be connected to the violence. In a way the fghts most definitely were a symbol to the figurative fight going on with man. The actual physical aspect of the fght is in comparison to the actual state of being. The controlling of the body and mind and tgnting tor ones sake by sacrificing ones body snow the strength of this man. It shows what he willing to go through for his own progress. The black men are outrageously stronger in number and strength then the white men in the oom, and yet they choose to fght against themselves. In this, the white men win because they have the black men in fear of their power. This struggle is recognized by the main character who is invisible to those who Judge and yet visible to those same people. He is only visible when he is needed to be seen, and not when they want. The fight, however symbolizes that he is visible and that his strength is recognized even though its not the way he wants. He himself visualized his strength with the power of his voice which is a billion times stronger.

A critical appraisal of the integrity of a HACCP Plan and the design of an effective, efficient, evidence based improvement strategy The WritePass Journal

A critical appraisal of the integrity of a HACCP Plan and the design of an effective, efficient, evidence based improvement strategy Abstract A critical appraisal of the integrity of a HACCP Plan and the design of an effective, efficient, evidence based improvement strategy ) explain that a HACCP is essential in maintaining the safety of individual food products. The main aim of this plan is to ensure that each stage in the food production process is safe. The main objective of this report is to identify the hazard and create controls that would prevent the occurrence of this hazard. The main issues of the Cheese-4-All company are traced to the customers’ complaint of the presence of a metal wire on a block of cheese and returned food products from caterers due to broken seals of the bags. In the first issue, the metal wire represents a physical hazard for consumers. A physical hazard is described as any foreign material present in dairy products that could cause injury or illness to the consumer (Marriott and Gravani, 2006). Mortimore and Wallace (2013) emphasise that a physical hazard results from lack of control of a process or a piece of equipment in the production chain. A number of factors have been identified to contribute to the presence of a physical hazard. Amongst these, poorly maintained equipment and the employees’ inattention to the details of the food production process are the most important factors that contribute to the physical hazard (Wallace et al., 2011). Meanwhile, the broken seals of the bags represent a biological hazard. This type of hazard results from exposure of food to pathogens (Smith and Hui, 2008). A closer investigation of the company’s issues reveals that the cutting and sealing of the vacuum packs of the cheese blocks are done by only one machine. The machine has a metal cheese wire used to cut the cheese. At the same time, this machine also automatically vacuum seals the cheese blocks. A metal detector, which serves as a control, is found at the end of the production line. This equipment could have detected any embedded metal in the cheese. At this point, poor attention to details could have contributed to the failure of the staff to detect the metal in the cheese. Instead of allowing the cheese blocks to pass through the metal detector before removing and labelling them, some members of the staff might fail to recheck whether the blocks have passed through the metal detectors. Similarly, an opportunity to check the integrity of the vacuum seals of the cheese block is also presented during the labelling. However, the staff failed to document whether all cheese blocks are safely sealed. On the other hand, the staff manually places grated cheese in plastic bags together with potato starch while the modified atmosphere packaging machine seals the packs. Recommendations for Improvement In this report, the issue of the presence of metal fragments in the block of cheese and broken seals of cheese packs will be addressed. Metal Fragments in the Block of Cheese In-line metal detectors are present in the production line. This is check point is crucial and is met by the company. However, it is recommended that these in-line metal detectors should be fitted with automatic rejection systems (Smith and Hui, 2008). In the company’s case, there was only one metal detector at the end of the assembly line. It was also not fitted with an automatic rejection system. The British Retail Consortium (2013) reiterates that metal detection protects the customers and should be part of any food protection system. However, there are cases where metal detection does not provide the consumers with significant added protection. In this case, the British Retail Consortium (2013) adds that exceptions should be made only when there is indeed no need for metal detection of the product. Hence, it is still vital that companies should make justifications why metal detection is not needed. The need of metal detection in a food company is highlighted when customers complain of metal in their food products. Consequences of this failure range from loss of credibility and loss of customers and bad publicity (Wareing, 2010). In worst scenario, metal present in the product might cause injury to the customer and result to prosecution (Academic Press, 2013). There are various possible causes of metal detector failure. The Academic Press (2013) explains that the metal detector might be experiencing mechanical failure or is not properly calibrated. The wrong pieces of metals are used during sensitivity check or the company used the incorrect metal detector. The succeeding table lists down the rest of possible causes of metal detector failure: Table 1. Causes of Metal Detector Failure Possible Causes of Metal Detector Failure Metal detector is placed in the wrong place in the assembly line Faulty rejection mechanism or there is no synchronization with the rejection system and the detector There is no control of the rejects Checks are not done regularly for the metal detector. In cases where checks are done, these are also performed incorrectly In cases where checks of metal detector reveal some failures, these are not recorded or corrective actions are not taken. Staff members of the organisation are not trained to perform metal detector checks. While staff members receive training on performing metal detector checks, the effectiveness of these trainings are not verified in actual practice. Workplace culture issues also play a role in influencing staff members not to take responsibility in performing necessary checks. Source: Academic Press (2013, p. 336) Â   Broken Seals of Cheese Packs The British Retail Consortium (2013) emphasised that food safety should be a priority amongst those in the food business. On analysis of the Cheese-4-All company, caterers complained of broken seals. Issues are often identified only when customers began complaining about the safety of the food that they order (Bougherara and Combris, 2009). This represents some breaches in safety procedures in the company. For instance, safety checks should be conducted once cheese blocks or grated cheese are sealed, before they are taken to or taken out of chillers. During the labelling process, it is also important that the staff conduct a check whether the seals are still in place or if there are broken seals in the cheese packs. Improvement Strategies Lawley et al. (2012) explain that many of the food safety legislation that are now in force in countries in Europe, including the UK, are formed as a result of collaboration between food authorities in the different countries. Representatives of the European Commissions are responsible for creating food safety legislations that are also used as template of food authorities in different countries (Lawley et al., 2012). For example, the European Commission has set out EC Regulation No. 852/2004 that set standards for hygiene on foodstuffs. In addition, the 2006 Food Hygiene Regulations also provide standards for food safety. Using information from these regulations, it is recommended that strategies should be in place to ensure the absence of metals in the cheese blocks and to prevent broken seals of the packs in the Cheese-4-All company. First, metal detectors should be checked every hour with test pieces (Robertson, 2013). Results should be recorded to assess the sensitivity of the metal detector. It is recommended that safety incidents should be recorded to ensure that staff learn from the experience and prevent the occurrence of similar incidents in the future (Arvanitoyannis, 2012). For example, the analysis reveals that only one machine is involved in cutting the cheese with metal cheese wire. It is also the same machine involved in vacuum packing of the cheese. It is suggested that the machine should be periodically checked to ensure that it is working properly. Second, qualified staff should perform calibration of the metal detector and ensure that it is in the proper place in the assembly line (Academic Press, 2013). Third, lockable receptacles should be in place to ensure that rejects are accommodated (Academic Press, 2013). Fourth, training staff to conduct safety checks of the food packs after sealing of the cheese, during refrigeration and before delivery. This is necessary to protect consumers from food poisoning (Montville and Matthews, 2008). Finally, it is suggested that the safety culture of the workplace should be investigated to determine the perceptions and current practice of the workers on food safety. Mortimore and Wallace (2013) argue that the safety culture of the workplace is a crucial determinant in whether safety regulations are implemented and institutionalised. In many cases, the lack of a safety culture leads to failure in the system. Conclusion In conclusion, this report shows that safety checks should be regularly done to prevent safety incidents such as presence of metals in food or having broken food seals. Consequences of these incidents include loss of customers and possible litigations from consumers who are harmed from ingested metals. Broken food seals present a health hazard since it could cause food contamination. In turn, this might lead to poisoning of the food consumers. An analysis of the Cheese-4-All Company reveals that safety checks are breached during food processing. A metal detector is present in the end of the assembly line but failed to detect the metal present in one of the cheese products. Possible causes of this failure are discussed in the report. On the other hand, the broken seal also indicates failure on the part of the staff to thoroughly check the packaging of the cheese. Finally, this report recommends performing regular checks of the machine used in cutting and sealing the cheese; ensuring t hat metal detector is working and placed in the proper position; and regularly performing checks on whether food seals are in place. It is also suggested that the work culture should be investigated to determine if safety is a priority in the workplace. This would help the company change the culture in the workplace and ensure that a culture of safety is practised. References Academic Press (2013) Encyclopedia of Food Safety, Washington, D.C.: Academic Press. Arvanitoyannis, I. (2012) Modified atmosphere and active packaging technologies, London: CRC Press. Bougherara, D. Combris, P. (2009) ‘Eco-labelled food products: what are consumers paying for?’, European Review of Agricultural Economics, 36(3), pp. 321-341. British Retail Consortium (2013) Global standard for food safety- guideline for fresh produce, London: The Stationery Office. Food Standards Agency (FSA) (2013) Safer food, better business [Online]. Available from: food.gov.uk/business-industry/caterers/sfbb/#.UswHhvbNevQ (Accessed: 6th January, 2013). Lawley, R., Curtis, L. Davis, J. (2012) The Food Safety Hazard Guidebook, London: Royal Society of Chemistry. Marriott, N. Gravani, R. (2006) Principles of food sanitation, London: Springer. Montville, T. Matthews, K. (2008) Food Microbiology: An Introduction. Mortimore, S. Wallace, C. (2013) HACCP: A Practical Approach, 3rd ed., Preston, UK: Springer. Robertson, G. (2013) Food packaging: Principles and practice, 3rd ed., Sound Parkway NW: Taylor Francis Group. Smith, J. Hui, Y. (2008) Food processing: Principles and applications, London: John Wiley Sons. Wallace, C., Sperber, W. Mortimore, S. (2011) Food Safety for the 21st Century: Managing HACCP and Food Safety throughout the global supply chain, London: John Wiley Sons. Wareing, P. (2010) HACCP: A toolkit for implementation, London: Royal Society of Chemistry. Yiannas, F. (2008) Food safety culture: Creating a behavior-based food safety management system, Arkansas, USA: Springer.

On the Issue of Debt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

On the Issue of Debt - Essay Example This brief analysis will consider what this student believes to be the most pressing and important issue surround the seemingly ever-increasing levels of debt that both federal and state budgets are currently facing. Furthermore, as a function of this increase in overall debt, the negative externalities that such a change portends are vast and systemic. Whereas in previous times the degree and extent to which governments dealt with the issue of debt has always been a high concern for law-makers and citizens, the level and extent to which the current situation weights upon both the government decision makers and the electorate is unprecedented. As a result, the very nature of governance the degree to which this process encompasses nearly every aspect of society and the economy has only exponentially grown (Eichler 1216). For those that are concerned with the overall sovereignty and freedom of the society, this has naturally become a primal concern due to the fact that many nations are able to leverage the United States due to the level of its debt that they hold in the form of bonds and other financial mechanisms. Furthermore, as a function of these factors that have thus far been enumerated upon, this brief work will seek to elaborate upon some key mechanisms through which the problem itself can be lessened over time. The Simpson-Bowles committee put forward what many outside of the realm of politics would deem a fair approach to an infinitely complex issue. The mixed approach that this committee put forward hinged upon the need to make budget cuts, re-work the tax plan, secure Social Security, and reduce the size of the annual budget deficit. The reason that the plan was not latched on to by either political party is due to the fact that it required both an increase in tax revenue and a decrease in spending/budget cuts in order to make the goals that it defined (Croxson 103). These two mechanisms specifically are precisely what must be targeted for the federal (as well as state) budget deficits that currently exist to be minimized. As it is painfully clear, seeking to reduce and/or cancel budget deficits and debt in a relatively short period of time is beyond the realm of possibility. As a result of this, each political party and or leader wants to ignore the issue due to the fact that no political capital can ultimately be gained by seeking to fix an issue that they themselves nor their party will ever receive credit for; however, the larger issue is the fact that the debt crisis threatens the very sovereignty and vitality of the nation, its economy and society (Barth 98). The issue itself is not only a concern for future generations, although this is perhaps one of the greatest concerns that helps to define the size and scope of the problem. Rather, the issue weighs heavily on the way in which the government, both state, federal, and local, seek to provide key services to the communities which they serve. Rather than building more park s, maintaining infrastructure, and providing a litany of other adequate services, the government is forced to expend a large percentage of its annual budget (which itself is already over and above current tax receipts) to service the debt that currently exists. What this portends is a situation in which the government is borrowing money in order to pay the interest on the money that it is already borrowed. It does not take a degree in advanced economics to instantly realize that such a stance is untenable and cannot be long continued without the structure and legitimacy of the entire economic system falling into a state of collapse. As such, the current status quo with regards to debt level and spending is both untenable and unwise. One need look no further than examples of Greece and other nations to rapidly realize what maintaining a dangerously high percentage of debt to national GDP portends. Similarly, whereas the solution mechanism may be a shared sacrifice over a period of ma ny years, the

Debt Consolidation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Debt Consolidation - Essay Example An agreement on collateral against the loan gives a lower interest rate for the loan, as the risk factor decreases. Naturally, if there's no collateral against the loan, lenders don't have any form of security for their money and they resort to charging a higher interest rate. So if the true purpose of debt consolidation must be achieved, it is advisable to keep an asset as collateral so the lenders can make a forced sale on non-payment of the loan and so that the borrower can receive the low interest rate he's looking for. This method has been proven successful when dealing with credit card debt, as credit cards often carry a much larger interest rate than even unsecured loans. In an interview, Kerri Cole talked about her practical experience in dealing with her debt problem. She went to Credit Consolidation Services and got her interest payments reduced on all 9 credit cards she owned; one of the card's interest rate fell from 27% to 9%. For a small monthly fee, she is saving over $600 a month since she started debt consolidation which makes a rough figure of $7200 saved each year. Though some companies tend to take advantage of these situations and indulge in predatory lending, the particular company Kerri talks about has been refreshingly fair and accommodating to her problem. Predatory lending is a term used for lenders who use deceptive methods to convince borrowers to agree to harsh and unfair loan terms, or the systematic violation of the terms by the lenders in such a way that it is very hard for the borrower to defend against it ('Predatory lending,' par.2). In recent reports, media has raised concerns over debt consolidation. They have pointed out that a large majority looks to reduce their interest rate by converting their unsecured loans into a secured loan. The problem arises at their choice of asset to secure the loan against. Most people tend to secure their loans against their home ('Debt consolidation,' par.13) which is a dangerous practice; putting at risk such a valuable asset would certainly not be the most advisable thing to do. The monthly payment does get lower, but the actual amount repaid over the years is often significantly greater in proportion due to the long period of loan. What people argue is that debt consolidation mostly cures the symptoms of the problem and doesn't hit at the root cause of the disease. To owe someone money is always very stressful. The stress is compounded when you owe money to not one, but quite a few lenders. Debt consolidation can provide means to develop a workable budget, and it would greatly reduce the stress level by bringing the number of lenders down to one. This would also be beneficial in the sense that one is less likely to forget a due payment of a single lender than attending to a large number of lenders, each with their own separate terms. Often it happens that because of a non-payment, you get further fines and charges on late payment; a debt of $500 could rise to $700 just because of an imposed fine. Debt consolidation will lessen that amount back to the principle amount (Selman, par.3). So, through debt consolidation we are looking at numerous advantages like no fines or monetary charges, reduced number of lenders, a lower interest rate and no warning calls. Also with your credit rating improving because of debt consolidation, if you are looking f or a new

The Reality Of Platonic Relationships Sociology Essay

The Reality Of Platonic Relationships Sociology Essay Romantic relationships are characterized by feelings of passion, emotional reactions and physical attraction; and platonic relationships are characterized by the absence of physical attraction, passion or sex (Sippola, 1999). These two characterizations are very important for the scope of this paper because both are crucial to answer the question, Can men and women really be just friends? In the magazine Psychology Today, Clifford Lazarus wrote an article with an explanation to this question. Lazarus contends, for the most part, purely platonic relationships for heterosexual men and women are a myth (Lazarus, 2010). To support his contention, he refers to the reflexive nature of men and the reflective nature of women. Lazarus refers to a sexual desirability reflex, which men demonstrate towards women in prime reproductive age. This reflex suggests the immediate thoughts of males when first encountering females are whether or not he would like to have sex with her (Lazarus, 2010). Although, it is argued that females may exhibit the same thoughts, although not as frequently as with males, they tend to quickly move past this reflex. On the other hand, women generally want to determine the suitability of a potential partner. This suitability is referred to as a desire to look for potential long term, socioeconomic stability with a partner (Canary Dindia, 1998). Women therefore, tend to be more sexually reflective and choosier than males, while males tend to be more sexually reflexive than women. These reflexive and reflective drives can be linked to evolutionary theories. Males have an indefinite amount of sperm while females only have a predetermined amount of eggs for her life span (Lazarus, 2010). This suggests an explanation of why males may exhibit the above mentioned reflex more than females, and why females exhibit a determinable reflective drive. This article therefore concludes that purely platonic relationships in cross-sex friendships do not exist. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the conclusion of the Psychology Today article with scholarly research to determine if purely platonic cross-sex friendships can exist between heterosexual men and women. It is important to indicate that the articles conclusion assumes that a purely platonic relationship exists when both people in the relationship have never considered having a romantic relationship with each other. Through sexually charged flirtatious behavior and evolutionary theories, the first part of this paper will provide support for the articles conclusion that purely platonic cross-sex friendships are not possible. However, the second part of this paper will present evidence denouncing the preceding hypothesis by means of costs, romantic intentions and reasons to stay platonic. Flirtatious Behavior Both romantic and platonic relationships report flirtatious activity although frequencies in flirtatious behavior may differ (Egland, Spitzberg, Zormeier, 1996). Some examples of flirtatious behaviors include looking your friend or partner up and down, gazing in their eyes and smiling suggestively. When comparing results of the platonic cross-sex relationships to the romantic cross-sex relationships, platonic relationships engaged in flirtatious activity nearly as much as romantic relationships (Egland, et al., 1996). This finding bolsters the view that even in platonic relationships, flirtatious behavior is expressed. Furthermore, flirtatious behavior may be sexually charged. According to Henningsen, Braz, and Davies (2008), people engage in flirtatious behavior for six main reasons. First is sexual motivation, referring to ones desires to engage in sexual acts. Second, an individual may be relationally motivated, with the intention of moving from a platonic relationship to a romantic relationship. Third is fun motivation, referring to flirting to gain sexual excitement or thrill. Fourth is exploring motivation, referring to flirtatious behavior of platonic relationships to explore and see if positive feedback comes from the other person. Fifth is esteem motivation, which remarks on how gaining positive feedback from flirting may boost self esteem or arousal. And finally people flirt for instrumental motivation, which is flirting for possible access to rewards. Flirting is the primary apparatus to signal sexual and romantic accessibility (Guererro Chavez, 2005). All of the reasons people may flirt are charged with motives other than being platonic. Flirtation can be described as a subcategory of social-sexual communication (Henningsen, et al., 2008, p. 2). These social-sexual communications carry the connotation of being sexually charged, suggesting one person may have had sexual or romantic thoughts at one point in time in the relationship. This suggests that flirting is associated with sexual desire, or reasons other than what constitutes a platonic friendship (Henningsen, Braz, Davies, 2008). Flirtatious behavior is often intended to be interpreted in a way that carries sexual motive (Henningsen, et al., 2008). This implies that those in platonic relationships have an intended purpose or conscious motive to engage in it. For instance, platonic relationships that do not want to turn romantic voluntarily do not engage in flirtatious behavior (Guerrero Mongeau, 2008). This suggests that platonic relationships may be conscious of flirting, thus indicating that people engage in flirting through a particular motivation; in these instances a sexually charged motivation. Since platonic relationships do engage in flirtatious behavior with one another, there is reason to believe that the flirtatious behavior is sexually charged Furthermore, men may interpret expressed behavior from women differently than from what women intend. If women are not voluntarily trying to give flirtatious signals or signs of flirtatious behavior, men are much more readily apparent to interpret non-flirtatious signals as flirtatious (Canary Dindia, 1998). Therefore, even in an apparently platonic friendship, men may be misinterpreting these non-flirtatious signals as flirtatious, and therefore sexual as well, even if there is no intension to communicate flirtatious behavior. This implies even in some apparently platonic relationships, certain behaviors may signal signs of sexual desire unintentionally. CHECK THESE PRECEDING 3 PARAGRAPHS Evolutionary Views According to evolutionary theories, flirtatious behavior is contingent upon a desire to procreate (Canary Dindia, 1998). As mentioned in the article, men have a type of reflexive drive and women have a type of reflective drive (Lazarus, 2010). From an evolutionary stance, a look into interactions between men and women will reinforce these reflexive and reflective drives. Reflective and Reflexive Behavior Women are more likely to choose a partner or mate who exhibits status and resources, therefore being more reflective than males (Lazarus, 2010). Women are generally more interested in men with high resource potential (Canary Dindia, 1998). This indicates why women focus on a long term stable relationship; one which is able to support their offspring. On the other hand, men are much more likely to approach women who display more signs of flirtatious behavior (Canary Dindia, 1998). This indicates mens reflexive drive, indicating sexual thoughts or interest upon initial encounters (Lazarus, 2010). Interests of men and women vary depending on age group. Males prefer younger women, while women prefer older males as age ascends. Women tend to be more fertile when they are younger, while men tend to be more economically sufficient and successful as they grow older (Alterovitz Mendelsohn, 2009). This suggests men being more concerned with the fertility of women by preferring younger mates, while women reported being more concerned with male socioeconomic status, indicated by selecting older men (Alterovitz Mendelsohn, 2009). Parental Investment Theory Additionally, the female perception of older males having the resources to provide for their offspring and males having the impression to mate with a fertile female is consistent with the evolutionary theory of parental investments. Under parental investment theory, the investments of men and women differ. For example, a women needs to carry the offspring. On the other hand, men could technically end their investment of the offspring immediately after conception. As referenced by Tafoya (2006), womens potential for reproduction after conception is inhibited, while on the other hand men as quoted by Lazarus (2010), have their sperm constantly replenished. Furthermore, because of the paternity uncertainty hypothesis, a man can never know with absolute certainty that a child is his. On the contrary, even though the mother may not know who the father of her child is, this hypothesis holds that she will know for certain that she will pass her genes on to her offspring (Tafoya, 2006). Considering this hypothesis and the theory of parental investments, the reflexive nature of men and reflective nature of women are explained. A males reflexive drive can be explained since males never know if the child is theirs with absolute certainty and their investment need not go beyond conception (Tafoya, 2006). Therefore, males seem to exhibit lesser commitment, reinforcing their reflexive tendencies. Additionally, men are more likely to accept a short term mate of any overall quality than women. For instance, it is more probable that men rather than women select a short term mate whose overall qualities such as wealth, status and attractiveness are lacking. Men are also more likely than women to have a one night stand or participate in an affair (Li Kenrick, 2006). On the other hand, women know their genes will be passed on and are making more of a sacrifice from an evolutionary standpoint by the cessation of their potential reproduction. This indicates that females may be more selective about their mates as indicated in the article by reflective drives. Furthermore, women prefer resources and status when looking for a short term mate more than males. In fact, women prefer the same qualities in their short term mates as they do in their long term mates (Li Kenrick, 2006). This implies women exemplify this reflective drive in support of a potential parental investor, that being the potential mate. It is shown that mating as well as parenting is essential to success of offspring, which helps to explain the characteristics of these reflexive and reflective drives (Tafoya, 2006). However, evolutionary views not limited to parental investment theory. Friends with Benefits and Biosocial Theory Evolutionary theories are evident in friends with benefits relationships. Friends with benefits refer to non-romantic or platonic relationships who engage in sexual activities (McGinty, Knox, Zusman, 2007). Friends with benefits is not just a trend, but also is commonly engaged in. Nearly 60% of undergraduates reported having had an experience with a friends with benefits relationship (McGinty et al., 2007). This reinforces the instinctive sexual activity and sexual behavior with the opposite sex. Biosocial theory of evolution may inquire more deeply as to why friends with benefits occurs. Biosocial Theory predicts human behavior by looking to a persons genetic predisposition and their environment. Women show to be more emotionally involved in a friend with benefits relationship than men. Because women emphasize emotional attachment, it is argued that women do so in order to have a stable relationship (McGinty et al., 2007). In having a stable relationship, women need to rear their offspring, thus suggesting why women are more emotionally concerned with friends with benefits relationships than men. On the other hand, men are more sexually focused with the relationship. At times, men are shown to be involved in multiple friends with benefits relationships, thus strengthening the point that men exhibit a reflexive drive (McGinty et al., 2007). Furthermore, Schneider Kenny (2000) surveyed how rewarding and costly people see an opposite-sex platonic friendship. Sexual access was reported as a potential benefit of being in a cross-sex friendship, as well as a reported cost. For example, men may be friends with women as a means to gain sexual access, however, men report having less sexual access than women. This suggests men are more concerned with sexual access than women (Bleske Buss, 2000). This reinforces the idea of the reflexive nature of men. However, women are reported to be benefited when protected by an opposite sex friend. Though this is not shown to what extent this suggests a positive cue for women as mate potential, it has been suggested in a comparative study that males who protect their friends actually gain more sexual access. This was evident in a study of baboons, where the males protect the feeding grounds, and in return the female gives them periodic sexual access; therefore suggesting mens evolutionary drive for protecting women (Bleske Buss, 2000). Flirtatious behavior and evolutionary views support the reflexive and reflective tendencies of males and females, respectively. This suggests that men and women in platonic cross-sex friendships engage in sexually charged behavior. The preceding information also supports, as the article contends, that platonic relationships may not be feasible simply because of evolutionary drives (Lazarus, 2010). Although these findings reinforce the idea that purely platonic relationships do not exist, there is information to believe otherwise. The following research in categories of similar costs, romantic intent, and reasons to stay platonic indicate evidence against the preceding research, contending there may be reasons platonic relationships can exist without having intent for or a transition to romantic relationships. Similar Costs and Status Males and Females do not differ in how costly it is to be denied sex from the person in the friendship; the potential for rejection is perceived as low in cost for both sexes (Bleske Buss, 2000). This suggests that men and women may be able to be friends without worrying about sexual access. However, this information does support males and/or females think about sex. Since the potential cost for rejection was low, this implies the male and females evaluated each other before making the decision to become romantic (Bleske Buss, 2000). Therefore, this seems to be more closely related to the conclusion in the article, and more supportive of reflexive and reflective behavior than not. Even so, the status of the relationship may have an effect on the friendship. Although, ex-romantic partners report wanting a platonic relationship to turn romantic once again, a friend who has always been platonic would not want the relationship to turn romantic (Schneider Kenny, 2000). This indicates that how a relationship is initiated may have an actual impact on the relationship. Platonic friendships therefore, may exist depending on past experiences with the individual. This undermines the contention that platonic cross-sex friendships can never be platonic, since past experience can have an impact. Romantic Intent Romantic intent was not classified in the above article Why Men and Women Cant be Just Friends. Romantic intent can vary and impact relationships differently. In the strictly platonic relationships, cross-sex friends reported less contact, flirtation and activity compared to romantic relationships. Arguably, strictly platonic friendships do not flirt, touch and spend as much time with one another relative to mutually romantic relationships, possibly because doing so may jeopardize the friendship (Guererro Chavez, 2005). Furthermore, long term strictly platonic friendships can move past initial romantic intent. Friendships in the long term are shown to use maintenance behaviors such as less contact and flirtation as a means to not potentially ruin the platonic friendship (Guererro Chavez, 2005). These finding suggests strictly platonic and mutually romantic relationships do vary with romantic intent, and thus may not perceive one another as anything more than platonic friends. Reasons to Remain Platonic There are six motives as to why relationships should remain platonic. To safeguard the relationship, lack of or no attraction, network disapproval, third party, risk aversion and timeout. This order with safeguarding the relationship being most important implies that there is an intrinsic reason for relationships to remain purely platonic. The rewarding nature of the relationship may be seen as more rewarding than a relationship moving towards one that is romantic or sexual. For instance, a reward in a platonic relationship is the ability to share emotion and/ or gain support about external situations; the ability to disclose in the relationship. On the other hand, less rewarding factors may direct people to remain platonic as well. For example, one may feel that the friend in the relationship is not attractive, or one may not want to expose oneself to possible emotional instability (Messman, Canary, Hause, 2000). Thus, research suggests cross-sex platonic relationships may have str ong reasons for existing. Furthermore, all platonic friendships may not be sexually charged. The sexual challenge in cross-sex friendships, which refers to men and women being hardwired to be sexually attracted to one another, is said to only occur in a minority of cross-sex friendships. Furthermore, the sexual challenge may be linked to attraction of the spirit, rather than of the body. Thus, reinforcing that sexual challenges may not be accurately represented when referring to the sexual desire of men and women (Messman et al., 2000). Conclusion Flirtatious behavior and evolutionary theories strongly support the idea that there cannot be purely platonic relationships as indicated in the article. However, alternative research suggests platonic friendships may be possible; similar costs, subjective romantic intent, and reasons to remain reasons to remain platonic are evidence that friendships have some incentive to remain purely platonic. Although there is support for both sides, the underlying question is whether men and women together can have purely platonic friendships. Flirtatious behaviors as well as the evolutionary theories of biosocial and parental investment demonstrate that cross-sex platonic friendships are challenging. The majority of the information in the Why Men and Women Cant be Just Friends article does give credence to the majority of these findings. Although in light of these findings, the article seems to be narrow in its evaluation. The main point of the article contends that platonic relationships do not exist because of evolutionary reasoning based on reflexive and reflective drives (Lazarus, 2010). On the other hand, the article does not account for romantic intent, a significant part of relationships. The article assumes based on the first meeting of men and women that there are uncontrollable biological reactions which occur. Although these reactions tend to happen, the article should still account for the past and present status of the relationship, as well as each persons intent to whether or not they want a platonic or romantic friendship. Since the article fails to account for this romantic intent of a males and females, it therefore neglects the possibility of differences in perception; that is, how people view each other based on their past experience with that person (Messman et al., 2000). Moreover, long term platonic friendships vary in their romantic intent depending if maintenance behaviors are used. For instance, in a relationship that has always been platonic, both persons will use more maintenance behaviors to preserve their platonic friendship, in order to safeguard the friendship from moving towards romanticism. However, maintenance behaviors are also shown not to be useful. For instance, one of the people in the relationship may be denied a desired sexual progression (Guererro Chavez, 2005). Although there can be changes made to the article, the underlying argument is supported by the majority of research. Assuming a purely platonic relationship to be a cross-sex friendship where neither party has the thought of addressing a romantic relationship, or having desire for sexual activities; the existence of purely platonic relationships is slim. Platonic relationships engaging in flirtatious behavior carry a sexual connotation (Egland, et al., 1996). This implies that males and females even in platonic relationships may exhibit these reflexive and reflective drives. Furthermore, the differing parental investments for males and females bolster the sentiment regarding reflexive and reflective drives; this concerns why males invest less in their relationships while females invest more in their relationships (Li Kenrick, 2006; Tafoya, 2006). Additionally, the biosocial theory suggests evolutionary underpinnings consistent with reflexive and reflective behavior; these include se xual behavior in friends with benefits relationships and behaviors of rewards and costs. Therefore, the article and the preceding findings suggest that the existences of purely platonic cross-sex heterosexual relationships are unlikely.

Teaching Practices Essay -- Education, Early Childhood Education

In this essay Te Ao Maori, Te Reo Maori, Tikanga Maori and Treaty of Waitangi will be examined. The relevance of these to the teaching practices will be reflected upon. Few appropriate strategies will be discussed to support the implementation of a bicultural curriculum in early childhood education. According to Irwin (1984) for Maori, the creating myths form an important part of their world view, â€Å"conveying myth messages that people practice as ideals and norms in their lives â€Å"(p.1). The Maori creation myths begin with three stages te kore, te po and tea ao Marama. In the beginning there was Te Kore, the nothingness. Then came the te po the night , it was this night that the seven gods began crawling in the narrow space between their parents bodies, who were Rangi (sky father) and Papa (Earth mother). One day Tane –mahuta god of forest, began separating his parents apart so that there was enough room for them to move around in. So when Tane became successful in separating his parents, the world of light – te ao marama was created . The sun used to move across the sky quite rapidly and it used to be hard for the people to finish their daily chores such as cooking, hunting due to the insufficient time of the sun in the sky. So, Maui the demi – god decided one day that he needs to slow down the sun. As stated by Reed (2007) â€Å"Maui battered the sun until he was weakened (p.28). Ultimately, the people were able to finish their chores as sunlight was there for more hours. Te Ao Maori has played a significant role in my teaching practice, because the creation of the Maori myths is similar to showing the children how to grow a seed into a plant, the different growing stages of the plant depict the Maori strategy of growing of ... ... some aspects of treaty and the government has tried to settle the claims and set of tribunals to look into this aspect. Foreshore rights are one of the contributions issues. Government feels the treaty is an important part of New Zealand history and culture. (State Services Commision , 2004). Te Ao Maori, Te Reo Maori, Tikanga Maori and Treaty of Waitangi are an valuable asset of New Zealand and they are protected under the Treaty of Waitangi. Te Ao Maori explains us the creating of myths and legends through the Maori perspective and also that Te Reo Maori (Maori language) is a living treasure (taonga) of New Zealand. Tikanga Maori tells us the importance of the values and beliefs in Maori culture. Treaty of Waitangi holds a special value in the history of New Zealand. Therefore, all the Maori perspective add a significance in the wealth of knowledge.

Lost in Yonkers and One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest Critical Lens

The Unintentionally Hero Umberto Eco once wrote, â€Å"A real hero is always a hero by mistake†¦ † This quotation means that when a person doesn't intentionally try to be a hero, but results in being the hero, is a true hero. I agree with this quotation, as it holds true in life and in literature. Both Lost In Yonkers by Neil Simon and One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest by Ken Kesey, support that heros are those who act bravely upon themselves and not those who act the way to become the hero. Lost In Yonkers is a story about a father, Eddie, who has to leave his two sons with his mother for care. He has to leave because he borrowed a mass amount of money from a loan shark to pay for his wife's medical bills. Eddie tells his boys, â€Å"The doctors, the hospital, cost me everything I had†¦ And everything I didn't have†¦ And finally it cost me everything i was going to have†¦ I was broke and I went into debt†¦ Into hock†¦ Only I didn't have anything left to hock†¦ So i went to a man†¦ A shylock, they call him†¦ A loan shark. † A loan shark is a person who specializes in marking loads to desperate people. Eddie couldn't have gone to the bank because the bank would of refused or asked for interest or for collateral, all of which Eddie can't afford. A shylock doesn't need collateral. His collateral is your desperation. When Eddie got the money form the Shylock, a clock starts. When the clock is up, the Shylock expects his money and if the money isn't there, lives will be taken instead. The only way for him to pay back the Shylock was to take a job selling scrap iron; however, the job requires a lot of traveling. The only way for him to take the job was to leave his sons. It is revealed in the dialogue the misery he feels. He loves his sons tremendously and feels awful that he has to leave them for nine months. He says, â€Å"I'm not asking for myself. I'm asking for my boys. For my boys, I'll be obligates,† to Jay and Arty. In this dialogue passage, he shows that for his boys, he'll do anything. Eddie is being a true hero by stepping up to the plate and taking action for his early acts. He goes into deep debt by trying to save his wife, and now he has to risk his life to save his boys. He might not realize that he is a hero, but his actions justify the means. In One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, a man named Randle McMurphy becomes another victim in the mental ward under the control of Nurse Ratched, or also known as the Big Nurse by the other mental patients. Randle comes into the hospital ready to rebel and start a riot. At their daily group therapy session, Randle asks Nurse Ratched, â€Å"†¦ remember that vote we had a day or so back–about TV time? Well, today's Friday and I thought I might just bring it up again, just to see if anybody else has picked up a little guts. † The vote was regarding about the patients and how they wanted to watch the World Series during TV time. The conflict is, Nurse Ratched doesn't want the patients to have control. She likes to be in control. Once again, she wins the vote. At the climax of the first half of the book, Nurse Ratched lose her temper. Randle looks at the time and he realizes it's time for the game. He â€Å"drags his armchair out to in front of the TV set, then switches on the set and sits down,† even though he lost the vote. The Big Nurse looks at Randle and then goes to the control room and flips a switch which causes the TV picture to swirl back into the gray. Even though this all happened, Randle is stilly sitting there. Nurse Ratched goes up to him and says, â€Å"I said, Mr. McMurphy, that you are supposed to be working during these hours,† in a tight voice. This is where she loses her temper. As she is warning Randle, other patients of the mental ward goes to grab a chair and pulls in next to Randle. Her last words were, â€Å"You men-Stop this. STOP! † before she was just like the rest of them, crazy. By hitting this climactical point, it shows that Randle McMurphy can really do anything he wishes. These two scenes where he stood up for what he wanted and what the other patients wanted showed that he is a hero. It may not be the genetically typically hero from some TV show, but a hero indeed. He fought for him and the other victims to be able to watch the World Series on TV but to be shut down by Nurse Ratched. Normally, no patient would even dare to suggest or question the Big Nurse. Randel stood up and stepped up. Also, when he dragged the chair in front of the TV, it showed he was not ready to be defeated so easily. He didn't do these things to be a hero, but he did those things because he believe it was the right thing to do. What you see is what you get–we see Randle being a leader and brave and that is what we get. â€Å"A real hero is always a hero by mistake†¦ † means that people who unintentionally become the hero in the end are the true heros rather than those who try to become the heros with their actions. I agree much with this quotation for it holds true in life and literature. Eddie was a true hero in Lost In Yonkers and Randle was a true hero in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest.

Visual Learning Style as Perceived by DLSL Education...

Introduction Throughout many researches they found out that most of the 21st century learners are visual learners or someone who â€Å"needs to see it to know it,† (S.D.Fliess, 2009) Visual learners are those who learn things best through seeing them. Visual learners often prefer to sit in the front of the class and watch the lecture closely, because in this manner they see visual clearly so they understand and remember lessons. Visual aids such as maps, graph, pictures and colorful outline are the effective tools that can be used by teacher to accommodate students that are visual learners. Often, these students will find that confusing information makes more sense when it is explained with the aid of a chart or picture. These types of learners learn best with visual aid when studying, like a colorful outline of test materials, he or she may retain more information. For this type of learner, visual tools improve the ability to recall information more completely; these tools have a big impact to a visual learner. (G Fleming, 2013) Some visual learners are characterise by using maps, pictures, diagrams, and color; needs to see the teacher’s body language/facial expression to fully comprehend; often closes their eyes to visualize or remember something. Teachers may also teach students to use highlighters when going through their notes and to create flashcards when studying for tests and learning information. These are the way on how will a teacher caters a student that is visual